Anaplasma is one of the most rickettsiale diseases in ruminants. Five species including Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma centrale, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilium and Anaplasma ovis are recognized in ruminant animals. Anaplasma causes major economic losses to the livestock owner. Anaplasma is mainly transmitted by mechanical way such as by biting flies, lice and biological by different tick species and fomites in livestock. A six year old cross breed cow was brought to Veterinary Clinical Complex of Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Jaipur (Rajasthan) with the history of anorexia, shivering and respiratory distress, and decreased milk quantity since a week. On close physical examination, enlarged parotid lymph nodes and conjunctival mucous membranes with whitish or pale were noticed. Physiological parameters like rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rates were found to be 106°F, 135 beats per minute and 45 per minute respectively. On hematological examination, hemoglobin was found to be low ., g/dl. Peripheral blood smear examination revealed the presence of Anaplasma marginalis organisms in the erythrocytes with Geimsa Stain. Based on these findings a diagnosis of bovine erythrocytic Anaplasma was made and the case was treated with Oxytetracycline @ 5-10 mg/ml body weight, intravenous; Imidocarb dipropionate @ ml/ 100 Kg Body weight, haematinic consists of Iron Sorbitol Citric acid complex 50 mg + Folic Acid 500 mg + Hydroxycobalamin Acetate 50 mg per milliliter @ 1 ml/50 Kg body weight, intramuscularly included Thiamine+ Pyridoxine + Cynocobalamine @ 5-10 ml, intramuscularly or intravenously and Phenramine Maleate @ mg/Kg body weight, intramuscularly, Ivermectin @ mg/Kg body weight, subcutaneous and also advised for beet in feeding for increasing the haemoglobin. Improvement was noticed after 5 days of treatment.
