Construction companies face threats from competition, the need to adapt to modern technology, and changes in customer expectations. These issues require efficient risk management techniques. However, construction companies are late adopters of total quality management, one of the major risk factors in the industry. Moreover, the construction industry in developing countries faces systemic risk related to the application of laws as well as political risks (such as those to Turkish investments in African countries). Risk can also arise from failures to implement safety and budgetary risk controls. | A risk management proposal to the international contractors industry from the financial perspective
