An investigation was carried out to study the genetic variability and effect of environmental factors on oil content and fatty acid composition in two different seasons using 33 sunflower accessions. Significant variability for physiological, morphological, yield and yield attributing characters and also for oil content and fatty acid composition due to the effect of seasons, temperature and genetic makeup of genotypes were observed. Plants grown in kharif had per cent more grain yield compared to rabi. Hybrids yielded more followed by inbreds and seed setting was less in RHA lines. | Genetic variability for seed yield oil content and fatty acid composition in germplasm accessions of sunflower Helianthus annuus L. and their response to different seasons