N fertilizers and high yielding varieties were major drivers of the enormous increase in rice productivity during the past 50 years. Despite increasing food production higher nitrogen use also contributed in environmental pollution and Increasing consciousness of conservation of environment and mitigation of climate change brought a major shift in cultivation practices of major crops towards organic agriculture. An important issue regarding the acceptance of organic agriculture is the question of productivity. In addition to readily available ammonium and nitrate ions, the soil of organic agriculture can contain a wide range of organic nitrogen compounds such as peptides, proteins, free amino acids, amino sugars and nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. The root system architecture (RSA) features are of utmost importance for increasing nitrogen use efficiency of future climateresilient varieties. | The selective vulnerability of rice root system architecture to organic and inorganic nitrogen
