Stray dog population in Indian cities and towns has reached to about 30 million. Stray dog’s overpopulation poses a major threat to human health through their role in disease transmission as more than 100 zoonotic diseases are transmitted from dog to humans. Surgical castration is being used in India for population control of stray dogs since 1994 but its impact on stray dog population is not noticeable. | Chemical control of fertility in male dogs A review