The study of biodiversity associated with agro ecosystem is of significance for agro ecologist and conservation biologist, since the maintenance of biological diversity is essential for productive and ecologically sustainable agriculture. Field experiment was conducted to inventorize the insect fauna in pigeon pea ecosystem from February 2015 to July 2015. A total of 77 different species of insects belonging to 45 families under 10 orders were collected. Of the 77 species recorded, 53 species were harmful and 24 were beneficial. | Diversity of harmful and beneficial insect fauna in Pigeonpea Cajanus cajan L. Ecosystem in Tamil Nadu India