The study was carried out at school of forestry and environment nursery, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. An eight year old plantation of clone of G-48 of Poplar (Populus deltoids) was selected. The leaf litter fall we found that the decomposition of poplar leaf litter is very slow; this has detrimental physical effect on wheat intercrop. Plant height, numbers of leaves/ plant, fresh wt. of root (g) dry wt. of root (g), numbers of tiller/plants, fresh wt. of shoot (g), dry wt. of root (g), total dry matter production and yield parameter of intercropped wheat were significantly increased by monthly removal of poplar leaf litter in plantation of poplar raised at 3X6m spacing. However, despite removal of leaf litter at such frequent interval, yield of intercropped wheat crop is quite low in comparison with open field. | Role of leaf litter fall decomposition of poplar Poplar deltoids on wheat intercropping system