In this paper, a simplified methodology for the design of targets is coupled with a method for the optimization of transmutation which takes into account both transmutation performances and fuel cycle impacts. The uncertainties and performances of this methodology are evaluated and shown to be sufficient to carry out scoping studies. | An optimization methodology for heterogeneous minor actinides transmutation EPJ Nuclear Sci. Technol. 4 4 2018 Nuclear Sciences T. Kooyman et al. published by EDP Sciences 2018 amp Technologies https epjn 2018002 Available online at https REGULAR ARTICLE An optimization methodology for heterogeneous minor actinides transmutation Timothée Kooyman Laurent Buiron and Gérald Rimpault CEA DEN DER CEA Cadarache 13108 Saint Paul lez Durance Cedex France Received 6 July 2017 Received in final form 30 November 2017 Accepted 22 January 2018 Abstract. In the case of a closed fuel cycle minor actinides transmutation can lead to a strong reduction in spent fuel radiotoxicity and decay heat. In the heterogeneous approach minor actinides are loaded in dedicated targets located at the core periphery so that long-lived minor actinides undergo fission and are turned in shorter- lived fission products. However such targets require a specific design process due to high helium production in the fuel high flux gradient at the core periphery and low power production. Additionally the targets are generally manufactured with a high content in minor actinides in order to compensate for the low flux level at the core periphery. This leads to negative impacts on the fuel cycle in terms of neutron source and decay heat of the irradiated targets which penalize their handling and reprocessing. In this paper a simplified methodology for the design of targets is coupled with a method for the optimization of transmutation which takes into account both transmutation performances and fuel cycle impacts. The uncertainties and performances of this methodology are evaluated and shown to be sufficient to carry out scoping studies. An illustration is then made by considering the use of moderating material in the targets which has a positive impact on the minor actinides consumption but a negative impact both on fuel cycle constraints higher decay heat and neutron and on assembly .
