Systemic autoimmune diseases (SAD) are the diseases where multiple organs are involved in the presence of a large variety of auto antibodies directed against sub-cellular structures or molecules (. nuclei, cytoplasm, mitochondria, DNA) and are characterized by presence of Antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Indirect immunofluorescence Assay (IIFA) on Hep-2 (human epithelial cell tumour line) is a classical technique for detection of ANA and is considered as “gold standard”. | Detection of sensitivity and specificity of line immuno assay in comparison with indirect immunofluorescence assay for the detection of anti-nuclear antibodies in diagnosis of systemic autoimmune disorders
