In this study, we conducted experiments to determine mRNA expression of above genes in PV patients by realtime-PCR and CA125 concentration by ELISA. Results showed that expression of klotho, LAG3, CTLA-4 and PD-1 genes was decreased in PV patients, indicating that the immune tolerance was inactivated in PV patients. | ACADEMA JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY 2020 42 2 55 64 DOI 2615-9023 CURRENT STATUS OF ASIAN ELEPHANT POPULATION Elephas maximus IN PUMAT NATIONAL PARK REGION NGHE AN PROVINCE Nguyen Xuan Nghia1 Nguyen Tien Dat3 Nguyen Xuan Dang1 Tran Xuan Cuong2 Vo Cong Anh Tuan2 1 Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources VAST Vietnam 2 Management board of Pumat National Park Nghe An Province 3 Centre for Resources Environment and Ecological Resources VUSTA Hanoi Received 5 December 2019 accepted 14 April 2020 ABSTRACT Asian elephants are under high threats of extinction in Vietnam and worldwide. Population assessment of Asian elephants in Pumat National Park NP region carried out in 2018 2019 showed that the wild Asian elephants population in this region consisted of 3 groups with a total of 13 14 individuals. In Tuong Duong District a group of 4 5 individuals lived in an area near Canh Ta stream Tam Dinh commune Vietnam and Nam Xi stream Muong Long commune Laos across the border between Vietnam and Laos. The group in Con Cuong district with only one adult female lived in forest compartments 780 781 789 and 786 of Con Cuong Forestry Company within the buffer zone of Pumat NP. The group in Anh Son district consisted of 8 individuals 5 adult females one adult male one sub-adult male and an juvenile born in 2016 . They live in Cao Veu sector of Pumat NP core zone and buffer zone areas consisting of protected forests rubber plantation forests and agricultural lands of households in Phuc Son Commune Anh Son District and Thanh Duc Commune Thanh Chuong District . Wild Asian elephants in Pumat NP region are facing dangers of extinction due to their small number as well as direct and indirect threats from human. The elephant group in Anh Son district with the largest number of individuals consisting of breeding males breeding females and a calf is the most important for the maintainance and future development of elephant population within Pumat NP. However they are facing a
