This is a context-based historical approach instead of a deterministic historical approach. In this article, besides clarifying what is “new” in Phan Boi Chau's historical outlook compared to traditional historiography, we present a modern historical framework of Phan Boi Chau based on pair of concepts nation-state is analyzed on the citizenry-territory relationship that discarded the old historiographical framework based on the relationship between rulers and subjects; of dynasties, individual rulers, and good or evil advisors. |
