This study aims to investigate the determinants of capital structure (CS), how they differ among levels (upstream, midstream, and downstream), and to identify Which CS theory is more relevant to the oil and gas companies in the GCC. It uses secondary data of 22 listed oil and gas companies in the GCC over ten years (2010 and 2019). The study will add to the literature as there is few studies about CS in the petroleum industry and it is the only study about the GCC oil and gas sector. Using pooled ordinary least square (OLS) random effect model, the main findings of this study are . |
