The use of nanoparticles (NPs) has increased in recent years and consequently they are being released into the environment. The final destination of most NPs is the aquatic environment due to washing up by rain waters. Fish (n = 120) were exposed to different concentrations (0, 1, 5, and 25 mg/L) of aluminum-oxide (Al2O3), copper-oxide (CuO), and titanium-dioxide (TiO2) NPs for 14 days and 14 days of depuration period (no NP in water). Following NP exposures, activities of Na,K-ATPase, Mg-ATPase, Ca-ATPase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain and muscle were measured. |
