. But many teachers have recognized the fact that students do see errors all the time, not only in the distractors that are used on standard¬ized tests like the TOEFL and teacher-made tests like the multiple-choice midterms in their grammar classes, but also in their own writing. They argue that students must be able to recognize errors, learn to read for them, and correct them. | PA1TERNS PR0BLEM 43 167 Incorrect She was absent because of her cold was worse. Correct She was absent because her cold was worse. or She was absent because of her cold. Incorrect John s family is very happy because his being awarded a scholarship. Correct John s family is very happy because he has been awarded a scholarship. or John s family is very happy because of his being awarded a scholarship. Incorrect She didn t buy it because of the price was too high. Correct She didn t buy it because the price was too high. or She didn t buy it because of the price. Incorrect It was difficult to see the road clearly because the rain. Correct It was difficult to see the road clearly because it was raining. or It was difficult to see the road clearly because of the rain. Exercises Part A Choose the correct answer. in the cultivation of a forest trees need more careful planning than any other crop does. A Because the time and area involved B For the time and area involving C Because of the time and area involved D As a cause of the time and area involved Part B Choose the incorrect word or phrase and correct it. Many roads and railroads were built in the 1880s because of the industrial cities needed a network A B C to link them with sources of supply. D Problems with Conjunctions Conjunctions are words or phrases that clarify relationships between clauses. Conjoin means to join together. Problems with Correlative Conjunctions Correlative conjunctions are pairs that are used together. They often express inclusion or exclusion. Correlative conjunctions must be followed by the same grammatical structures in other words you must use parallel structures after correlative conjunctions. 168 REVIEW OF STRUCTURE Correlative Conjunctions Inclusives not only. but also Remember that not only. but also are correlative conjunctions. They are used together to include two parallel structures two nouns adjectives verbs adverbs . not only parallel structure but also parallel structure One .
