The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze several types of instabilities as condensation oscillations (CO), stable condensation oscillations (SC), and bubbling condensation oscillation (BCO). These instabilities are produced during the discharge of steam into subcooled pools through vents or spargers. | Progress in Nuclear Energy 153 2022 104404 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Progress in Nuclear Energy journal homepage locate pnucene Review Review of instabilities produced by direct contact condensation of steam injected in water pools and tanks oz-Cobo D. Blanco C. Berna Y. Co . Mun rdova Universitat Polit ecnica de Val encia Instituto de Ingeniería Energ etica Camino de Vera s n 46022 Valencia Spain A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Keywords The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze several types of instabilities as condensation oscillations CO Chugging stable condensation oscillations SC and bubbling condensation oscillation BCO . These instabilities are pro Condensation oscillations duced during the discharge of steam into subcooled pools through vents or spargers. The mechanism of direct Direct contact condensation contact condensation DCC plays an essential role in these instabilities justifying that we review first the Bubbling condensation oscillations fundamental basis of DCC and the jet penetration length for the discharges of pure steam in subcooled water. Steam discharge instabilities Then special attention is devoted to developing correlations for the nondimensional penetration length for ellipsoidal or hemi-ellipsoidal prolate steam jets observed in many experiments to the heat transfer coefficients of DCC and to the best way to correlate the penetration length. Next it is analyzed the stability of the steam jets with hemi-ellipsoidal shape in the transition and condensation oscillation regimes and it is computed the sub cooling temperature threshold for low and high oscillation frequencies. These results for the subcooling tem perature thresholds for low and high frequencies with a hemi-ellipsoidal steam jet are then compared with the results for spherical and cylindrical jets and with the experimental data in an interval of mass fluxes ranging from 0 to 180 kg m2 s. In addition a sensitivity analysis is
