After you Finish a paper-format Pre-Test, you can determine your TOEFL score for that section using the table on pages 601-602. Then record the results on the chart on page 603. After you finish a computer-format Pre-Test, record the number correct on the chart on page 603. | 476 WRITING The following essay received a score of 6 Different cultures place varying values on loyalty to the employer. In some countries most notably in Asia there is a high degree of loyalty to one company. However in most European countries and the United States loyalty to one s employer is not highly valued instead it is considered more rationel and reasonable for an employee to change jobs whenever it is waranted to achieve the optimal overall career. Doth of these positions have advantages and disadvantages. In cultures that value loyalty to the employer a kind of family relationship seems to develop between employer and employee. It is a reciprocal arrangement which the employer is concerned with asisting the employee to develop to his her full potential and the employee is concerned about optimizing the welfare of the company. The negative aspect to absolute loyalty to one company is that an employee may stay in one job that he she has outgrow and may miss out on opportunities to develop in new directions. From the employers point of view the employee may be burdened with employees whose skills no longer match the needs of the company. In cultures in which it is quite acceptable to change jobs every few years employees can build the career they choose for themself. They can stay with one company as long as it is mutually beneficial to company and employee. As long as good relationship exists and the employee s career is advancing at an acceptable pace the employee can rmain with a company. Put at any time the employee is free to move to another company perhaps to achieve a higher position to move into a new area or to find a work situation that is more suitable to his her personality. The disadvantage of this situation is employees tend to move around a lot. Although both these systems have advantages and disadvantages it is much better for employees have the opportunity to move from job to job if it is necessary to have a better career. THE WRITING SCORE
