Layer assignment: assign vertices to layers trying to minimize s edge dilation s feedback edges Placement: arrange vertices on each layer trying to minimize s crossings Routing: route edges trying to minimize s bends Fine tuning: improve the drawing with local modifications | General Directed Graphs Graph Drawing 73 Layering Method for Drawing General Directed Graphs Layer assignment assign vertices to layers trying to minimize edge dilation feedback edges Placement arrange vertices on each layer trying to minimize crossings Routing route edges trying to minimize bends Fine tuning improve the drawing with local modifications Carpano 80 Sugiyama Tagawa Toda 81 Rowe Messinger et al. 87 Gansner North 88 Graph Drawing 74 Example Sugiyama Tagawa Toda 81 Graph Drawing .
