Một số thuật ngữ | Glossary Activity An operation on a network which takes time or other resources and is indicated by an arrow. Actual cost of work performed ACWP Cumulative actual cost in money or manhours of work booked in a specific period. Actual hours The manhours actually expended on an activity or contract over a defined period. AoN Activity on Node. AoA Activity on Arrow. Arithmetical analysis A method for calculating floats arithmetically. Arrow A symbol on a network to represent an activity or dummy. Arrow diagram A diagram showing the interrelationships of activities. Back end The fabrication construction and commissioning stage of a project. Backward pass A process for subtracting durations from previous events working backwards from the last event. Banding The subdivision of a network into horizontal and vertical sections or bands to aid identification of activities and responsibilities. Bar chart See Gantt chart. Beta b distribution Standard distribution giving the expected time te a 4m b 6. Budget Quantified resources to achieve an objective task or project by a set time. Project Planning and Control Budgeted cost of work performed BCWP See Earned Value. Budgeted cost of work scheduled BCWS Quantified cost in money or manhours of work scheduled planned in a set time. Budget hours The hours allocated to an activity or contract at the estimate or proposal stage. Business case The document setting out the information and financial plan to enable decision makers to approve and authorize the project. Calendar Time scale of programme using dates. Capital cost The project cost as shown in the balance sheet. Cash flow Inward and outward movement of money of a contract or company. Change control The process of recording evaluating and authorizing project changes. Change management The management of project variations changes in time cost and scope. Circle and link method See Precedence diagram. Close out procedure The actions implemented and documents produced at the end of a
