Chương này là về giá cả mà là trực tiếp liên quan đến chi phí. Chúng tôi bắt đầu với các vấn đề của việc tìm chi phí dựa trên mức giá được công bằng hoặc ổn định trong các cuộc thi tiềm năng (Phần 7,1 -7,2). Chúng tôi tìm kiếm các loại giá mà có thể bảo vệ một đương nhiệm đối với nhập cảnh đối thủ cạnh tranh tiềm năng, hoặc chống lại bỏ qua bởi khách hàng có thể tìm thấy nó rẻ hơn để cung cấp cho mình. Chúng tôi giải thích các khái niệm của. | Pricing Communication Networks Economics Technology and Modelling. Costas Courcoubetis and Richard Weber Copyright 2003 John Wiley Sons Ltd. ISBN 0-470-85130-9 Part C Pricing Pricing Communication Networks Economics Technology and Modelling. Costas Courcoubetis and Richard Weber Copyright 2003 John Wiley Sons Ltd. ISBN 0-470-85130-9 7 Cost-based Pricing This chapter is about prices that are directly related to cost. We begin with the problem of finding cost-based prices that are fair or stable under potential competition Sections . We look for types of prices that can protect an incumbent against entry by potential competitors or against bypass by customers who might find it cheaper to supply themselves. We explain the notions of subsidy-free and sustainable prices. Such prices are robust against bypass. Similar notions are addressed by the idea of the second-best core. The aim now differs from that of maximizing economic efficiency. We see that Ramsey prices which are efficient subject to the constraint of cost recovery may fail sustainability tests. In Section we take a different approach and look at practical issues of constructing cost-based prices. Now we emphasize necessary and simplicity. Prices are to be computed from quantities that can be easily measured and for which accounting data is readily available. An approach that has found much favour with regulators is that of Fully Distributed Cost pricing FDC . This is a top-down approach in which costs are attributed to services using the firm s existing cost accounting records. It ignores economic efficiency but has the great advantage of simplicity. Section concerns the Long-Run Incremental Cost approach LRIC . This is a bottom-up approach in which the costs of the services are computed using an optimized model for the network and the service production technologies. It can come close to implementing subsidy-free prices. We compare FDC and LRIC in Section from the viewpoint of the .
