Questions have been raised as to how well these principle-based theories account for the intentionality of speaker miplicature and conventionality of sentence implicature. This study does not attempt to review either all the relevant theory or all of what is known about implicature in the world's languages. | Which Students Join Whom A Critical Review of O Connell s Group Forming for ESL EFL Students Junainah Helmi Introduction O Connell proposes a technique to encourage student activity in particularly speaking class by utilizing group work. The technique which is supported by the use of cards consisting of questions and answers should be applied in four stages involving the preparation demonstration activity and feedback. In the preparation stage the teacher distributes the cards to each student so that half of the students get cards consisting of questions and half get the answers. In the demonstration stage the teacher draw boxes on the white or black board and the students fill in the boxes with the questions and answers that they have in the cards. In the activity stage the teacher distributes another card to each student. Each student asks other students whether they get the answer to his her question in their cards and those who have answers ask other students whether they have questions whose answers are in their cards. In the feedback stage the teacher collects the cards and reaffirm whether the students get the correct match. The technique that has been applied by O Connell in his EFL class in Japan has some strength and weaknesses and arouses some questions concerning the technique of forming the students into groups the teacher s role in the classroom and the implementation for other language skills. Therefore this essay tries to answer the questions concerning the technique. How to Group the Students There are some techniques to form the students into groups. While O Connell uses the whole class as one large group and then divides them into pairs randomly using the matching technique Vaughn Hughes Moody and Elbaum 2001 proposes four kinds of students grouping. They are the whole class small group peer pairing and one-on-one instruction. Some teachers may not consider the whole class instruction as a form of group work but if we look at the activity done .
