In the reading section of Ihe TOEFL® iBT, you will be required to read three to five passages on varying topics. After each passage, you will answer twelve to fourteen questions that test your ability to understand vocabulary, sentence structure, and factual information, as well as implied information and the writer's intention. | The word they in the passage refers to A scientists B orbits C other planets D dwarf planets The word thpipin the passage refers to A scientists B satellites C diameter D Eris and Pluto 3. The word it in the passage refers to A Frozen nitrogen B Pluto C A special tool D Eris r Fill in the blanks to complete the summary. LISTENING SPEAKING WRITING PRACTICE TEST The passage discusses dwarf planets. With the establishment -- describe a planet Pluto is no longer considereda d d glanet. In order to be considered a dwarf planet an object must orb it .around the sun have h shape not have cleared its orbital neighborhood and not be a i . satellite. Dwarf planets have different sizes but are very similar. For example Pluto and Eris have similar physical and chemical composition. Also while each planet orbits on one . Pluto and Eris both have orbits that are slightly Reference Questions 141 . Chapter 6 History Read the following passage. Then fill in the diagram with the information that you read. Track 38 People read newspapers to learn about current events and to be entertained. Starting in the late 19th century the medium was also used as a tool to promote social change. One group of investigative journalists known as muckrakers redefined the role of the media in society by putting a particularly reformist spin on their work. It was through their efforts that many of the social reform movements of the early 20th century were pushed into the consciousness of the public and politicians alike. A muckraker is a journalist who investigates social injustices and brings them to public view. The term was a comparison of this type of journalism to a muck rake. The idea was that muckrakers stirred up ignored issues and placed them in clear view for people to take notice of the need for change just as a muck rake is used to gather manure or compost and place it in an observable pile. Although the work of muckrakers was sometimes published in tabloids with sensational
