The plural -s is pronounced /z/ in the expected way. The change of y to ie does not affect pronunciation—it is a graphic change only. Here are some examples (all with a /z/ pronunciation). | 11 Multiple Verb Complements A complement is any grammatical structure or structures required by a verb to make a valid sentence. In this chapter we will examine nine different verb complements that contain two components. Since it is easy to get all the complements and terms confused we will briefly list and label them all with an example before going into any detailed descriptions 1. Indirect object direct object IO DO Jane gave the boss her report. 2. Object noun phrase complement Obj NP Comp Ralph considers his boss a fool. 3. Object adjective complement Obj Adj Comp Ralph considers his boss foolish. 4. Object adverb of place Obj Adv of Pl I put the box on the table. 5. Object that clause Obj that clause I told him that his plan was very risky. 6. To phrase that clause to phrase that clause I mentioned to him that we needed to leave soon. 167 168 Verb Phrases 7. Object infinitive Obj Inf Ralph expected the office to be empty on a Sunday morning. 8. Object base form Obj Base form He made me do it. 9. Object present participle Obj Pres Part The teacher caught several students cheating on the exam. 1. Indirect object direct object A small but important group of verbs take not one object but two objects. When there are two objects in a sentence the objects are called the indirect object IO and the direct object DO . In a sentence with a single object that object is always a direct object usually shortened to just object. We can only have an indirect object where there is also a direct object. The two objects occur in a fixed order the indirect object always precedes the direct object. Here are two examples of sentences with this type of double complement IO DO Jane gave the boss her report. IO DO John got the kids a pizza. Exercise Underline the indirect and direct objects in the following sentences. Label the indirect object IO and the direct object DO. Be careful not to include optional adverbs as part of the objects. IO DO Jane sent her boss an e-mail at .
