Tham khảo tài liệu 'english grammar drills part 38', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | The Passive 251 3. Finally the mystery has been solved 4. John has retired from his position at the university. 5. The remodeling is costing us a fortune. 6. Your salary will be adjusted to reflect the higher cost of living in Tokyo. 7. The gate is always locked at 6 . 8. The company s success has been noticed by the financial press. 9. My car was previously owned by a reckless teenager. 10. The operation has just emerged from bankruptcy. 11. Senator Blather was elected in 1996. 12. The alarm was first sounded by a security guard in the early morning. 13. I should have listened more carefully. 14. The product should have been recalled earlier. 15. The play is being directed by Joan Ridgeway. Virtually every passive sentence has an active sentence counterpart. In order to use a passive sentence effectively we need to be able compare the passive and active forms of the same sentence to see which version best suits our purpose. To make this comparison we need to understand how to convert a passive sentence into its counterpart active form and vice versa how to convert an active sentence into its counterpart passive form. Unfortunately this conversion back and forth between the active and passive forms is one of the most complicated operations in English grammar. Let us begin by looking closely at how we change the active sentence John saw Mary into its passive counterpart Mary was seen by John. The first and most important step is to insert the passive auxiliary verb be immediately in front of the main verb in the active sentence. Adding the passive auxiliary verb be automatically triggers the following changes in verb forms the original tense of the main verb passes over to be and the main verb changes to its past participle form. John saw Mary. John was seen Mary. The next two steps are both complicated and unique to the passive. The subject in the active sentence is turned into a prepositional phrase beginning with by John was seen Mary. by John was seen Mary. .
