Tham khảo tài liệu 'the grammar book teacher course part 53', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 51 2 The Grammar Book Problems for ESL EFL students Why do sentences with indirect objects sometimes cause problems for ESL EFL students Fii st of all students must be able to sort out whether a given verb takes an indirect object preceded by a to for or of when the indirect object occurs in a prepositional phrase. Then they must learn which English verbs permit indirect object alternation. Those students whose native languages allow the indirect object to occur rather freely next to the verb . French and Spanish may produce ungrammatical sentences such its John opened me the door instead of John opened the door for me. Many students will be confused by the fact that one of two verbs with similar meanings does not allow the indirect object to occur next to the verb. Thus by analogy with He told me the answer. students will incorrectly produce He said me the answer. In fact according to Mazurkewich and White 1984 children acquiring English as their lirst language also seem to have some problems learning all the constraints on indirect object alternation. The Form of Sentences with Indirect Objects The Surface Grammar of Verbs that Take Indirect Objects The verbs that take indirect objects in English share certain similarities and differences. One important difference is that for some of these verbs the indirect object is indispensable to the meaning and the structure of the sentence for example Joe gave a . i a book to Mel. J e S 1 Mel a book. Morgan handed the letter. Morgan handed letter to Peter. I Peter the letter. In other instances the meaning of the entire sentence not just the verb must be considered since the indirect object may not be structurally required but the sentence will have a different meaning depending on whether or not the indirect olrject is present for example Mr. Jensen found a job for me. me a job. Mr. Jensen found a job. . for himself Verbs with Implied Indirect Objects There are also many cases where the indirect object is not
