Tham khảo tài liệu 'the grammar of the english verb phrase part 114', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 784 Glossary typical of implicatures that they can be blocked or cancelled by the context -see implicate for examples. Implicature of discontinuation implicature attached to the use of the absolute past tense when the full situation is homogeneous and there is no linguistic or contextual indication that the situation time time of the predicated situation is included in and hence shorter than the time of the full situation. The implicature says that under these conditions the situation time can be assumed to coincide with the time of the full situation and hence to be over at the zerotime. For example Meg swore a lot when she was younger implicates that this is no longer the case. This implicature would be cancelled by the contextual addition of and she still does. Implicit condition condition that is not overtly expressed but is implicit in one of the constituents of the sentence for example in a pro-form e. g. I think we should go home now. Otherwise it will be dark before we get home. otherwise if we don t go or in a nominal . That would be quite interesting. that if that happened etc. . Implicit orientation time orientation time which is implicit in the semantics of a temporal conjunction. For example in By the time Bill had left the room it was too late to act the verb form had left represents the leaving as anterior to the implicit orientation time referred to by the time in the phrasal conjunction by the time that . Similarly in I wanted to be in the pub before Ted arrived the conjunction before means before the time at which and arrived is a relative past tense form representing Ted s arrival as T-simultaneous with the implicit orientation time lexicalized by the time in the paraphrase before the time at which . Implicit pre-present said of the length of the pre-present zone in the absence of a time-specifying adverbial or another contextual indication specifying this length. If it remains implicit the pre-present zone is taken to be the shortest period .
