Tham khảo tài liệu 'the grammar of the english verb phrase part 120', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 826 Glossary speech act i. e. assertion question instruction etc. that he makes by uttering the head clause. For example You d better hurry up because there s going to be a storm. Value of specificational sentence that constituent of a specificational structure that is specified as value for a presupposed variable e. g. a book in It was a book that I gave him What I gave him was a book I gave him a book A book was what I gave him. The value constituent always receives a heavy contrastive accent. Value constituent constituent representing the value of a specificational sentence e. g. a book in What I gave him was a book. Vantage time a point in time or a time interval from which the actualization of a situation is viewed as ongoing in progress by the speaker referring to that progressive situation. The vantage time is explicitly mentioned in sentences like At 7 . I was still working. Variable of specificational sentence the presupposed constituent of a specificational structure for which a value is specified or in questions asked . For example in each of the following sentences the variable is the x that I gave him It was a book that I gave him What I gave him was a book I gave him a book A book was what I gave him. Variable constituent constituent representing the variable of a specificational sentence e. g. What I gave him in What I gave him was a book. Verb complement a VP-internal argument of a verb i. e. any argument of the verb that is not the subject such as a direct object e. g. I hit him indirect object . I gave him a kite subject complement e. g. Bill is ill object complement . We called him a fool prepositional object . I looked into the question carefully . Verb form particular form of a verb. In Bill sneezed the verb form sneezed consists of a conjugated form of the verb sneeze only so does takes in Bill takes drugs in Bill may have been working the verb form consists of the participle form of the main verb working preceded by three .
