Knowing when to take the test Is part of a successful study plan. If you give yourself the time you need and if you follow the study plan using this book, you will reach your goal In the future, you will not be asked whether you took the TOEFL a month earlier or later but you will be asked to produce the required score. You can do it! Take the test when you are ready. | PARAPHRASING 99 3. Even though the Jovian planets are grouped together each one has had a very different evolutionary history. 4. Despite the advantage that young people enjoy for recall in vocabulary studies older people appear to be better at word recognition. 5. In spite of the fact that interviews are the most common strategy for assessing job appli cants they tend to have low validity. NEGATIVE Example Negative The addiction to gambling is not unlike the addiction to substances. Affirmative Restatement The addiction to gambling is like the addiction to substances. 1. Not once has the geyser known as Old Faithful failed to erupt on time. 2. Nonstandard dialects are not used as educational models in schools. 3. Never has there been such wide access to news from so many media. 4. The construction of a city on the ruins of a previous settlement is not uncommon. 5. Not until the Triassic Period did the first primitive mammals develop. PASSIVE Example Active statement Sea gulls need either fresh or salt water for them to survive. Passive Restatement Either fresh or salt water is needed by sea gulls for them to survive. 1. It is interesting that people over the age of 65 experience fewer mental hearth disorders. 2. In the stringed instruments a bow produces the tones when ft is played across a set of strings made of wire or gut. 3. High-frequency radiation from the Sun and other sources partly ionize gases in the ionosphere. phavsmtii kyiiel material 100 ACADEMIC SKILLS 4. Architects can use a domed roof to conserve floor space. 5. The Egyptians used papyrus to make paper sails baskets and clothing. Read and listen for meaning When you read or listen tor meaning you learn to think about the ideas that the writer or speaker is communicating not the individual words or grammar used. Practice Strategy Practice reading and listening for meaning. By focusing on sentences or even paragraphs you will train your mind to make connections and comprehend the ideas instead of .
