Tự điển chuyên ngành nông nghiệp thế giới Vol1 - Bắc Mỹ - Vần A | Abenaki ETHNONYMS Abenaque Abenaquioicts Abenaquois Ab-naki Eastern Indians Mawooshen Moasham Obenaki Openango Oubenaki Wabnaki Orientation Identification. The Abenaki appear first as Abenac-quiouoict on Champlain s map of 1632 they were located in the interior of Maine between the Kennebec and Penobscot rivers. In 1604 Champlain had called the Indians of modem New Brunswick and Maine Etechemins lumping the Indians of southeastern New England under the term Armou-chiquois . Because Etchemin was later applied more specifically to the modem Maliseet and Passamaquoddy of New Brunswick and easternmost Maine some scholars have concluded that the communities Champlain found in Maine in 1604 subsequently withdrew eastward and were replaced by Abenaki expanding from the interior. Others including this writer have favored the view that the apparent shift was more likely due to confusion resulting from the changing mix of place-names personal names and ethnic identifications that alternated and overlapped in time and space in New England. Location. In the Handbook of North American Indians 1978 a distinction is drawn between the Western Abenaki of interior New Hampshire and Vermont and the Eastern Abenaki of western and centtal Maine. The Western Abenaki included people of the upper Connecticut River called the Sokoki. The Eastern Abenaki can be further subdivided from west to east into the Pequawket Arosaguntacook Kennebec and Penobscot reflecting community clusters along the Presumpscot Androscoggin Kennebec and Penobscot rivers. All through the devastating epidemics and wars of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries many survivors from the first three divisions as well as many Western Abenaki relocated to the Penobscot. Most Western Abenaki along with some Eastern Abenaki eventually settled at Odanak Saint Francis near the St. Lawrence River in Quebec. Most Eastern Abenaki survived at Old Town and in other communities of central Maine where they are known today as the .
