Bách khoa toàn thư - Dinh dưỡng và sức khỏe tốt - Vần F | FAD See FLAVIN ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE. fad diets Drastic weight-reduction programs. Fad diets are potentially dangerous because they employ one or more of the following flawed strategies Severely Restricting Calories With less than 1 000 calories a day the body adapts to semistarvation by burning its fat and muscle regardless of whether or not a little protein or carbohydrate is consumed. This adaptation raises the possibility of excessive water loss and excessive buildup of acidic products of fat metabolism ketosis . Water loss disrupts fluid and electrolyte balance which can harm the heart. The harmful aspects of severe caloric restriction are worsened by the use of laxatives diuretics or induced vomiting which can cause electrolyte imbalance and flush water out of the body. The resulting weight loss represents water loss not fat loss. Consuming No Carbohydrates Without dietary carbohydrate the body switches into a catabolic state in which stored fat is oxidized and ketone bodies metabolic acids accumulate a situation called ketosis. As excessive ketone bodies are excreted in the urine extensive water losses promote dehydration while the loss of sodium causes electrolyte imbalance. The brain requires glucose for energy and when carbohydrate is not supplied by the diet blood sugar must be synthesized from amino acids derived from muscle protein breakdown. Eating Just One Kind of Food for a Long Time unless the diet supplies adequate amounts of protein and carbohydrate body chemistry switches over to fat and muscle breakdown. No single food or supplement supplies all the required nutrients in the appropriate ratios needed to maintain health. Using Appetite Suppressants This class of compounds includes benzocaine BULKING AGENTS and PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE a commonly used appetite suppressant in diet pills. Benzocaine numbs the taste buds without bringing about a long-term change in eating behavior while phenylpropanolamine causes only a temporary appetite reduction and .
