Bách khoa toàn thư - Dinh dưỡng và sức khỏe tốt - Vần XYZ | X xanthan gum A food additive used as an emulsifier in salad dressing syrup and pie fillings where viscous mixtures are desired. Xanthan gum is stable to heat and acidic conditions making it a versatile stabilizer. A water-soluble polysaccharide xanthan gum is produced by bacteria and is considered a safe additive. As a supplement xanthan gum is a source of water-soluble fiber and it improves the body s ability to use glucose blood sugar decreasing the need for insulin the hormone responsible for lowering blood sugar. Xanthan gum improves glucose tolerance in diabetics apparently by slowing starch digestion and preventing glucose from being dumped into the bloodstream. Xanthan gum may also help lower blood cholesterol. See also diabetes MELLITUS FOOD ADDITIVES. xanthophyll A yellow pigment related to betacarotene that cannot be converted to vitamin A. xanthophyll belongs to the family of carotenoids widely distributed yellow-orange pigments found in many plants. it is often added to poultry feed to color poultry skin yellow and to deepen the color of egg yolks. consumers often associate these color changes with quality. xenobiotic Any compound found in the body that originated from the external environment. Xenobiotics represent a diverse group of chemicals ranging from pesticides to drugs industrial solvents and cigarette tar. Xenobiotics are either stored in fatty tissues such as adipose fat tissue and nerves or they are processed by enzymes and eliminated through the bile urine and to a certain extent in sweat. However long-term exposure to environmental chemicals in the home or the work place can lead to their buildup in the body ultimately leading to illness. chemical modification of xenobiotics occurs chiefly in the liver lungs kidneys and intestines also play a role. Enzymes of these organs convert foreign compounds to more water-soluble forms so that they can be excreted. To accomplish this feat the body employs a battery of oxidizing enzymes called Phase 1
