Scottish is now the usual adjective; Scotch is restricted to a fairly large number of fixed expressions, e. g. Scotch broth, egg, whisky; Scots is used mainly for the Scottish dialect of English, in the names of regiments, and in Scotsman, Scotswoman (Scotchman, -woman are old-fashioned). To designate the inhabitants of Scotland, the plural noun Scots is normal. | English is one of the two official languages of the Republic of South Africa, the other being Afrikaans (derived from Dutch, but now an entirely independent language). Afrikaans has had a fairly strong influence on the English of the Republic: the South African accent is distinctly “clipped”; r is often rolled, and the consonants p, t, and k have a sharper articulation, usually lacking the aspiration (a faint h sound) found in other varieties of English. I is sometimes very lax (like a in along), e. g. in bit, lip, at other times very tense (like ee), e. g. in kiss, big; the vowels of dress, trap, square, nurse are very tense and close, while that of part is very far back almost like port. As in the other forms of English of the Southern Hemisphere, the different landscape, flora and fauna, and way of life are reflected in the South African vocabulary, e. g. dorp (village), go-away bird, kopje, nartjie (tangerine), rand, rhenosterbos (a kind of plant), roman, snoek (both fish), springbok, stoep (veranda), veld. There are many loan-words from Afrikaans and African languages, e. g. (besides most of those above) braai (barbecue), donga (eroded watercourse), erf (building plot), gogga (insect), impala (kind of antelope), indaba (meeting for discussion), lekker (nice), rondavel (hut).
