The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 122. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 1180 MARGARET H. FREEMAN means by which they accomplish them. Analyses of these means however can reveal the principles on which the mappings are made. Exploring general cognitive constraints on mapping provides a framework for evaluating the effect of individual writers who violate these constraints. Research into the cognitive systems and constraints on human language processing provides a mechanism for precise description of the motivations for both literary production and reception. Talmy s 2000 479-80 work reveals the extent to which the approaches of the stove and the tower may be made compatible. Talmy s discussion in the final chapter of his two-volume work on Cognitive Semantics is the most comprehensive account to date of the cognitive system that gives rise to literature. Although he uses the term narrative structure to describe this system he does not mean narrative in its narrow sense but in the sense of its function to connect and integrate certain components of conscious content over time into a coherent ideational structure 2000 419 . In this respect his approach correlates closely with Turner s cognitive reversal in exploring the structures of the literary mind that distinguish us as human beings. Talmy s description of the framework of the narrative cognitive system includes three parts domains strata and parameters. Domains include the spatiotemporal physical world with all its so-conceived characteristics and properties the culture or society with its presuppositions conceptual and affective structuring values norms and so on the producer or producers of a narrative the experiencer or experiencers of a narrative and the narrative itself Talmy 2000 422 . Strata refer to the basic structuring systems temporal spatial causal and psychological that operate within and across domains. Parameters are the general organizing principles that apply across all the strata such as relating structures to each other relative quantity scope granularity density .
