An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology part 11. This one of a kind encyclopedia presents the entire field of technology from rudimentary agricultural tools to communication satellites in this first of its kind reference source. Following an introduction that discusses basic tools, devices, and mechanisms, the chapters are grouped into five parts that provide detailed information on materials, power and engineering, transportation, communication and calculation, and technology and society, revealing how different technologies have together evolved to produce enormous changes in the course of history | PART ONE MATERIALS Haug Co who found the business so profitable that they began to consider the prospect of further co-operation with the English Crown. A preliminary survey of Britain s mineral resources by Daniel Hochstetter in 1563 revealed favourable prospects and in 1564 substantial deposits of silver-bearing copper ore were found at Keswick in Cumbria. In September 1564 the initial Patent for working copper ores in Britain was granted jointly to Daniel Hochstetter and Thomas Thurland Master of the Savoy. The organization thus established formally incorporated in 1568 as the Company of Mines Royal was the first joint stock company to be set up in England for the manufacture of a commodity copper rather than for trading purposes only. From the legal controversies stimulated by the grant of a Royal monopoly for a new method of manufacture patent law as we now know it emerged evolved and refined itself. A sister metallurgical enterprise established in 1565 was the Society of Mineral and Battery Works. It was a specialist organization concerned with the manufacture of brass and wire and owed its existence largely to the enterprise of Sir William Humfrey Assay Master of the Mint. Humfrey s partner in this venture Christopher Schutz an expert in brass manufacture was the manager of the calamine mining company of St Annenberg Saxony. Battery was the name originally applied to all sheet metal utensils which had been formed into the shape required by beating with a hammer. By the eighteenth century the term applied specifically to beaten hollow ware of brass or copper. Before Humfrey who was one of the original shareholders in the Mines Royal Company applied to Lord Cecil for the privilege of introducing battery works into England all the brass required was imported from Europe. A further object of the Mineral and Battery works was to introduce improved methods of wire drawing into England where the wool trade was then rapidly expanding and large quantities of fine .
