Harrison, . et al. “Atomic-Scale Simulation of Tribological and Related.” Handbook of Micro/Nanotribology. Ed. Bharat Bhushan Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 Atomic-Scale Simulation of Tribological and Related Phenomena Judith A. Harrison, Steven J. Stuart, and Donald W. Brenner Introduction Molecular Dynamics Simulations Interatomic Potentials • Thermodynamic Ensemble • Temperature Regulation 11 Nanometer-Scale Material Properties: Indentation, Cutting, and Adhesion Indentation of Metals • Indentation of Metals Covered by Thin Films • Indentation of Nonmetals • Cutting of Metals • Adhesion Lubrication at the Nanometer Scale: Behavior of Thin Films Equilibrium Properties of Confined Thin Films • Behavior of Thin Films under Shear Friction Solid Lubrication •. | Harrison . et al. Atomic-Scale Simulation of Tribological and Related. Handbook of Micro Nanotribology. Ed. Bharat Bhushan Boca Raton CRC Press LLC 1999 11 Atomic-Scale Simulation of Tribological and Related Phenomena Judith A. Harrison Steven J. Stuart and Donald W. Brenner Introduction Molecular Dynamics Simulations Interatomic Potentials Thermodynamic Ensemble Temperature Regulation Nanometer-Scale Material Properties Indentation Cutting and Adhesion Indentation of Metals Indentation of Metals Covered by Thin Films Indentation of Nonmetals Cutting of Metals Adhesion Lubrication at the Nanometer Scale Behavior of Thin Films Equilibrium Properties of Confined Thin Films Behavior of Thin Films under Shear Friction Solid Lubrication Friction in the Presence of a Third Body Tribochemistry Summary Acknowledgments References Introduction Understanding and ultimately controlling friction and wear have long been recognized as important to many areas of technology. Historical examples include the Egyptians who had to invent new technologies to move the stones needed to build the pyramids Dowson 1979 Coulomb whose fundamental studies of friction were motivated by the need to move ships easily and without wear from land into the water Dowson 1979 and Johnson et al. 1971 whose study of automobile windshield wipers led to a better understanding of contact mechanics including surface energies. Today the development of microscale 1999 by CRC Press LLC and soon nanoscale machines continues to challenge our understanding of friction and wear at their most fundamental levels. Our knowledge of friction and related phenomena at the atomic scale has rapidly advanced over the last decade with the development of new and powerful experimental methods. The surface force apparatus SFA for example has provided new information related to friction and lubrication for many liquid and solid systems with unprecedented resolution Israelachvili 1992 . The .
