Practical TCP/IP and Ethernet Networking- P3: The transmitter encodes the information into a suitable form to be transmitted over the communications channel. The communications channel moves this signal as electromagnetic energy from the source to one or more destination receivers. The channel may convert this energy from one form to another, such as electrical to optical signals, whilst maintaining the integrity of the information so the recipient can understand the message sent by the transmitter | x Contents Name resolution using DNS 144 WINS 149 Introduction 149 WINS name registration 150 WINS name resolution 150 WINS proxy agents 150 SNMP simple network management protocol 150 SNMP basic components 151 SNMP basic commands 151 SNMP management information base MIB 151 SNMPv2 protocol operations 152 SNMP management 153 SNMP security 153 SNMP interoperability 154 SMTP simple mail transfer protocol 154 POP post office protocol 155 BOOTP bootstrap protocol 156 DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol 158 DHCP operation 158 DHCP message format 160 9 TCP IPutilities 162 Introduction 162 PING packet Internet groper 163 ARP 166 NETSTAT 167 NBTSTAT 167 IPCONFIG 168 WINIPCFG 169 TRACE RouTe 170 ROUTE 172 The HOSTS file 173 10 LAN system components 174 Introduction 174 Repeaters 175 Packaging 175 Local Ethernet repeaters 175 Remoterepeaters 176 Media converters 176 Contents xi Bridges 177 Intelligent bridges 177 Source-routing bridges 178 SRT and translational bridges 178 Local vs remote bridges 178 Hubs 179 Desktop vs stackable hubs 179 Shared vs switched hubs 180 Managed hubs 180 Segmentable hubs 180 Dual-speed hubs 181 Modular hubs 181 Hub interconnection 181 Switches 182 Cut-through vs store-and-forward 183 Layer 2 switches vs layer 3 switches 183 Full-duplex switches 183 Switch applications 183 Routers 186 Two-port vs multi-port routers 186 Access routers 187 Border routers 187 Routing vs bridging 187 Gateways 187 Print servers 188 Terminal servers 188 Thin servers 189 Remote access servers 189 Network timeservers 190 11 The Internet 191 The Internet and internet 191 The objectives .
