Safer Surgery part 2. There have been few research investigations into how highly trained doctors and nurses work together to achieve safe and efficient anaesthesia and surgery. While there have been major advances in surgical and anaesthetic procedures, there are still significant risks for patients during operations and adverse events are not unknown. Due to rising concern about patient safety, surgeons and anaesthetists have looked for ways of minimising adverse events. | x Safer Surgery Figure The predicted relationship between Behavioral Marker Risk Index and post-operative complications and death 272 Figure Connection between medical management and the quality of communication 315 Figure Video equipment configuration for orthopaedic surgery 324 Figure Mean number of minor failures per operation by type 328 Figure Failure source model which links observable minor failures small boxes and common systemic causes large boxes 330 Figure Mean rates of threats top panel and errors bottom panel with 95 percent confidence intervals 331 Figure Bland-Altman plot for agreement between two observers 332 F igure A model for the study with the cues that were available to participating surgeons 361 Figure Cue utilization across individual surgeons 362 Figure Study setting in theatres infant simulator and anaesthesia work station anaesthesia nurse left and candidate right with the mobile ergospirometry unit applied 373 Figure Flow chart for simulated scenario and stress measurement 374 Figure MetaMax 3B 375 Figure Candidate with mobile and wireless ergospirometry device attached 376 Figure Salivary cortisol levels during stress Trier Social Stress Test TSST and rest conditions Nater et al. 2006 378 Figure Salivary alpha-amylase and norepinephrine noradrenaline in response to stress Trier Social Stress Test TSST 379 Figure Ambulatory electrocardiograms ECG and blood pressure BP of an anaesthesiologist during elective top panel and emergency lower panel intubations 391 Figure Heart rate HR and blood pressure BP of an experienced anaesthesiologist obtained by ambulatory monitors Holler 392 Figure Comparison of task omission among those tasks shown in Table 394 Figure The distractions-stress ladder 415 Figure An iceberg model for observed behaviours 431 List of Tables Table Summary of NOTSS evaluation results 16 Table PBA domains 30 .
