environment also has changed quite a bit from when the second edition was published in 1998. From advances in technology, medicine, and communi- cation to broader adoption of free enterprise practices and free trade agree- ments, today’s world reflects unprecedented opportunity—and unique risks. Yet through all the changes, I believe the essential principles of suc- cessful investing endure. “Intelligent investing.” In many ways, the global investment landscape is far different than it was in 1989 when I wrote the first edition of this book. Today’s. | FM_Brandes_141738-9 8/14/03 2:51 PM Page i VALUE INVESTING TODAY This page intentionally left blank. FM_Brandes_141738-9 8/14/03 2:51 PM Page iii VALUE INVESTING TODAY Charles H. Brandes Third Edition McGraw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto ebook_copyright 10/21/03 10:28 AM Page 1 Copyright © 2004 by Charles H. Brandes. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-143628-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141738-9 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales pro- motions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@ or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without .