The correspondence between individual deficits of language function and lesion location does not display a rigid one-to-one relationship and should be conceptualized within the context of the distributed network model. Nonetheless, the classification of aphasias of acute onset into specific clinical syndromes helps to determine the most likely anatomic distribution of the underlying neurologic disease and has implications for etiology and prognosis (Table 27-1). The syndromes listed in Table 27-1 are most applicable to aphasias caused by cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). They can be divided into "central" syndromes, which result from damage to the two epicenters of the language network. | Chapter 027. Aphasia Memory Loss and Other Focal Cerebral Disorders Part 3 The correspondence between individual deficits of language function and lesion location does not display a rigid one-to-one relationship and should be conceptualized within the context of the distributed network model. Nonetheless the classification of aphasias of acute onset into specific clinical syndromes helps to determine the most likely anatomic distribution of the underlying neurologic disease and has implications for etiology and prognosis Table 27-1 . The syndromes listed in Table 27-1 are most applicable to aphasias caused by cerebrovascular accidents CVA . They can be divided into central syndromes which result from damage to the two epicenters of the language network Broca s and Wernicke s areas and disconnection syndromes which arise from lesions that interrupt the functional connectivity of these centers with each other and with the other components of the language network. The syndromes outlined below are idealizations pure syndromes occur rarely. Table 27-1 Clinical Features of Aphasias and Related Conditions Comprehe Repeti Nami Fluen Impai ved increa Preser or sed nsion Wernicke s tion Spok Lang ed of en uage Impair ng red Impai cy red Broca s Preserv ed except grammar red Impai red Impai ased Decre Global ed Impair red Impai red Impai ased Decre Conduction ed Preserv red Impai red Impai ved Preser Nonfluent Preserv Preser Impai ed Impair motor transcortical ed ved red Fluent sensory transcortical ed Impair ved Preser red Impai ved Preser Isolation ed Impair alia Echol red Impai No purposeful speech Anomic ed Preserv ved Preser red Impai Preser ved except for word- finding pauses Pure word deafness Impair ed only for spoken red Impai ved Preser ved .
