Gale Encyclopedia of American Law Volume 3 P9 fully illuminates today's leading cases, major statutes, legal terms and concepts, notable persons involved with the law, important documents and more. Legal issues are fully discussed in easy-to-understand language, including such high-profile topics as the Americans with Disabilities Act, capital punishment, domestic violence, gay and lesbian rights, physician-assisted suicide and thousands more. | 68 COMPUTER CRIME 18 . 1030. Section 225 of the act is also known as the Cyber Security Enhancement Act of 2002. The Department of Justice s Computer Crime and intellectual property Section is responsible for prosecuting computer-crime cases. Many of those cases involve instances of computer hacking and other unauthorized intrusions as well as software piracy and computer fraud. One set of especially destructive crimes internal computer crimes includes acts in which one computer s program interferes with another computer thus hindering its use damaging data or programs or causing the other computer to crash . to become temporarily inoperable . Two common types of such programs are known in programming circles as worms and viruses. Both cause damage to computer systems through the commands written by their authors. Worms are independent programs that create temporary files and replicate themselves to the point where computers grow heavy with data become sluggish and then crash. Viruses are dependent programs that reproduce themselves through a computer code attached to another program attaching additional copies of their program to legitimate files each time the computer system is started or when some other triggering event occurs. Still another rising threat to computer security is the emergence of botnets short for robot computers on the internet. The actual robot is a software code that has been programmed to conduct repetitive tasks. Generally using e-mail scams or malicious codes attached to pirated software botnet producers infect ordinary consumers s home computers which then become remotely controlled zombies. These in turn are bundled together by another botnet and become host computers used for a variety of illegal activities. All this usually occurs without computer owners knowing that their computers have been infected or used. According to the Business Software Alliance s BSA 2008 Internet Piracy Report the FBI reported more than one million .
