Introduction: Today, the energy supply is primarily based on the combustion of fossil fuels. Electricity generation is the main driver for carbon dioxide emissions in stationary applications, whereas vehicles powered by internal combustion engines are a major source of distributed carbon dioxide emissions. The generation of electricity from renewable energy sources such as solar power, wind power, tidal power, or the use of biomass is reducing the burden from carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, the advent of hybrid or pure electric vehicles can drastically reduce mobility-related carbon dioxide emissions. . | ENERGY Contents Energy Storage Hydrogen Economy Cold Fusion - Precursor to Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions Cold Fusion History Energy Storage L Jorissen Zentrum für Sonnenenergie- und Wasserstoff-Forschung Baden-Württemberg Ulm Germany H Frey EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG Karlsruhe Germany 2009 Elsevier . All rights reserved. Introduction Today the energy supply is primarily based on the combustion of fossil fuels. Electricity generation is the main driver for carbon dioxide emissions in stationary applications whereas vehicles powered by internal combustion engines are a major source of distributed carbon dioxide emissions. The generation of electricity from renewable energy sources such as solar power wind power tidal power or the use of biomass is reducing the burden from carbon dioxide emissions. In addition the advent of hybrid or pure electric vehicles can drastically reduce mobility-related carbon dioxide emissions. The transition to new forms of electricity supply and mobility will impose technical challenges to the supply storage and demand side of electricity. Electrical grids have to be operated maintaining a delicate balance between power demand and power generation. Generation and consumption of electricity need to be matched at any time. Mismatches show themselves in frequency or voltage deviations. In the early days of electrification only a small number of consumers were attached to a fairly small and localized grid that was fed by a single generator such as a small hydro plant. Matching of supply and demand has frequently been achieved by the use of battery storage. As the electric grids became larger having more generators feeding in parallel balancing of frequency and voltage could be done by tuning the generators thus batteries were no longer needed for stable grid operation. At present electric grids are covering large areas. In general they are working along the following general understanding between suppliers and customers the .
