Tham khảo tài liệu 'fundamentals of english grammar third edition teacher’s guide phần 10', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Chapter 14 NOUN CLAUSES ORDER OF CHAPTER CHARTS EXERCISES WORKBOOK Introduction 14-1 Noun clauses that begin with a question word 14-2 14-3 Ex. 1 7 Pr. 1 10 Noun clauses that begin with if or whether 14-4 Ex. 8 9 Pr. 11 14 Summary review Ex. 10 14 That-clauses 14-5 14-6 Ex. 15 20 Pr. 15 18 Substituting so for a that-clause 14-7 Ex. 21 22 Pr. 19 Quoted vs. reported speech 14-8 14-9 Ex. 23 27 Pr. 20 24 Reported speech 14-10 14-11 Ex. 28 31 Pr. 25 31 Cumulative review Ex. 32 38 Pr. 32 36 General Notes on Chapter 14 The first part of the chapter is organized around the three types of noun clauses those introduced by 1 question words 2 if whether and 3 that. In the first two sections noun clauses are presented as transformations of information questions and yes no questions. In the second part of the chapter students also learn to report the words of another person. This is useful in situations ranging from informal conversation to formal academic writing. TERMINOLOGY Other terms for some types of noun clauses are nominal clause WH-clause that-clause and included embedded or indirect questions. In this text subordinating conjunctions . who what if that are simply called words that introduce noun clauses. Quoted speech is also called direct speech or direct discourse. Reported speech is also called indirect speech or indirect discourse. Notes and Answers 181 CHART 14-1 NOUN CLAUSES INTRODUCTION The principal problem learners have with noun clauses is correct word order. Students may use question word order . inverted subject and verb in noun clauses introduced by a question word INCORRECT I wanted to know why did Ann leave early. Similarly students may use noun clause word order in questions INCORRECT Why you left early Another difficulty stems from tense changes in noun clauses. For example the spoken question Why is Tom absent sometimes changes tense if the reporting verb is past The teacher wanted to know why Tom was absent. The formal sequence of tenses in noun
