Tái cấu hình của quốc gia giàu có và quyền lực Phần lớn indisputably đã được thực hiện, nhưng điều quan trọng là phải hiểu rằng nó đã được một cái bóng nhợt nhạt của các tiềm năng cả về sự giàu có và công bằng xã hội. | 142 The Reconfiguration of National Wealth and Power constructive forces more often managed to gain the upper hand than elsewhere. Much indisputably has been accomplished but it is important to understand that it has been a pale shadow of the potential both in terms of affluence and social equity. Many nations of the less developed world by contrast have chosen variously to preserve traditional cultures modify or revolutionarily transform them in ways that discourage entrepreneurship competitive profit-seeking open market access technological emulation globalism and liberal state governance leaving large segments of their populations unempowered. This has in a few instances produced remarkably good results especially in the Chinese cultural bloc. Taiwan Hong Kong Singapore South Korea Malaysia Thailand and more recently post-Maoist China have managed to reconcile elements of authoritarian economic regulation with aggressive export-oriented entrepreneurship to propel rapid economic growth in much the same manner as the Japanese in an earlier epoch. But these countries are the exceptions. The performance of the vast majority of states outside the West has ranged from lackluster to abject reflecting the particularities of their specific culturally fashioned systems. This failure has not gone unnoticed nor have leaders been inert. Many have campaigned for modernization and partially liberalized but the changes have not been sufficient to significantly overcome resistance negative adaptations and too frequently the disorienting effects of foreign economic penetration. Continuity in most instances has triumphed over change. THE ECONOMIC CULTURES OF THE GREAT POWERS China The Growing Economic Power of China Chinese economic growth has been spectacular for two decades. Not only has its GDP risen briskly but also unlike Russia China has integrated itself into the global trade system. This achievement is attributable to the Chinese Communist Party s improbable success in .
