Trong giai đoạn sau cuộc xâm lược, nó biểu thị một phần của Ireland mà là vững chắc dưới kiểm soát (và Anglo-Norman) xa hơn nữa là Ailen bản địa sống. | 32 History I The coming of the English stake in a fence. In the post-invasion period it denoted the part of Ireland which was firmly under English and Anglo-Norman control beyond which the native Irish lived. Its actual size varied reaching a maximum in the fourteenth century when it covered an area from Drogheda north of Dublin to at least Waterford in the south south-east and included some of the midlands Meath and south midlands parts of Tipperary . With the resurgence of Gaelic influence in Ireland in the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the Pale shrank Palmer 2000 41 . However with the settlements plantations Andrews 2000 in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the English presence spread gradually throughout the entire countryside and the term Pale lost its relevance. The phrase beyond the pale socially unacceptable suggests that those inside the Pale in the late medieval period regarded the natives outside as unruly and uncivilised. Within the boundaries of the Pale the political influence of England never ceased to exist. This is basically the reason for the continuous existence of English in Dublin in the history of Ireland the English language has maintained the strongest influence in those areas where English political influence has been mostly keenly felt. After the twelfth century settlements spread to other cities . in the south Cork and in the west Limerick and Galway . The impact on rural Ireland T. Barry 2000a was slight. This is of importance when considering the linguistic status of English vis-a-vis Irish in the late Middle Ages. English was not a dominant language at this stage as it was to become in the early modern period . Indeed English competed with Anglo-Norman in medieval Ireland and both of these definitely interacted with the quantitatively more significant Irish language. An ever increasing assimilation of the original settlers by the native Irish occurred in the post-invasion period. This assimilation had two main .
