mặc dù đã được chứng minh trong quá trình đàm phán. Trong giai đoạn đầu họ được về cơ bản mạng xã hội (chẳng hạn như, cựu đồng nghiệp làm việc trong các công ty nước ngoài) và chỉ sau đó họ bắt đầu được sáng tác của khách hàng hoặc các đối tác trước đây thị trường. | 200 Table Roles in LAB biotech patenting by type of organization and by specific company indicators of strength in problem definition and problem solving Aspect Unilever Nestle Chr. Hansen Other firms DBFs GRIs Universities N Patterns of participation a Inventor host orgs 1 1 1 26 9 25 55 118 b Assignee organizations I1 1 1 41 5 18 10 77 c Patent assignments 2 38 26 11 73 6 34 12 200 d Organizational participations OPs 3 20 26 9 54 13 79 119 320 e OPs including assignee status Percentage shares of participation 19 25 9 53 4 16 9 135 f Share of inventor host organizations g Share of patent assignment Ratio indicators of strength in problem definition 19 13 3 17 6 h Assigned patents per inventor host org c a i Patent assignments per OP c d Ratio indicators of strength in problem solution j Inventor host org. per assignee org. a b k OPs per participation as assignee d e 1 Participations as assignee per patent assignment e c Notes 1 Four different subsidiaries and branches of Unilever are calculated as one unit. 2 Excluding ten individual patent assignments including multiple organizations sharing same patent. 3 . hosting at least one of the inventors listed in the patent. Multiple scientists from same organization are counted as 1 OP only in each patent. Excluding 51 inventors whose host organization remains unidentified. Biotechnology in food processing 201 and configured in the 180 patents. These roles are brought out when the five variables in rows a-e in Table are calculated into various ratios presented in rows h-l . Due to the small numbers of DBFs they are omitted from these ratios. As indicators referring to problem definition we calculate average numbers of assigned patents per inventor host organization h and per organizational participation i . All three large firms
