Đặc thù là một hình thức của bản sắc. Như vậy những mối quan tâm câu hỏi khó khăn, đặc biệt là có bản sắc đó. Cũng như bản sắc đặc trưng trong suy nghĩ của từng người. | Of Jews and Animals 9 Particularity Particularity is a form of identity. As such the difficult question concerns how the particular comes to have that identity. Particulars are of course already given in relation to a universal. The question of what counts as a universal has its own history within both philosophy and theology. As a consequence there can be no clear unanimity of response. Within the context of this study what remains an open if implicit question is the possibility of a conception of the particular that falls beyond the hold of the universal. It should be remembered that were this to be possible it would entail firstly a conception of identity that was not subsumed by the universal such that the particularity of the particular would be effaced in the process and secondly a conception of particularity that was not the particular as excluded where the practice of exclusion involved the retention of the particular as the excluded. In the case of the latter it is not just that exclusion takes place the retention of the excluded as the excluded would be fundamental in order that the overall identity of the universal be maintained. This is of course the twofold possibility that is as was indicated above at work in Pascal. The first type of Jew is the one that can be included. What needs to be noted however is that the consequence of inclusion is that whatever it was that marked the Jew as Jew would have been effaced of necessity in the process. The other type the pagan Jew was the one that was held from the start in the position of the excluded. With that exclusion of course the Jew would then have been positioned in order to realise the project of the universal. Once the Jew was located in this way it would then function in terms of the retention of the excluded. This position will be developed in terms of what will be described as the logic of the synagogue .11 And yet the philosophical question of the relationship between universals and particulars is .
