Thái Bình Dương và Đại Tây Dương cũng có thể phân chia tiếp bởi route Xích Đạo thành of phần Bắc và Nam. The Khu Vực out of hơn max dương called là variables, vinh hay a number of the name calling khác. | Scaling 63 where T is the inertial period which is the temporal Rossby number. Consequently we can neglect the Coriolis force for waves of a period much shorter compared with the inertial period. If we now deal with a wave of T T and c Uo the governing momentum equation reduces to d u _ 1 d P d t po dx It is obvious that scaling considerations can lead to substantail simplificatio of the dynamical equations governing a certain process. It is also fascinating that the nature of the Navier-Stokes equations varies in dependence on the scales of a dynamical process. Chapter 4 Long Waves in a Channel Abstract This chapter introduces the reader to the modelling of layered fl ws in one-dimensional channel applications including a simple floodin algorithm. Practical exercises address a variety of processes including shallow-water surface waves tsunamis and interfacial waves in a multi-layer fluid More on Finite Differences Taylor Series The value of a function in vicinity of given location x can be expressed in form of a Taylor series Taylor 1715 as f x Ax f x Ax 2 d x 1 2 d x 2 Ax3 d 3 f - - 1 2 3 d x3 The essence of this series is that the neighboring value can be reconstructed by means of the value at x plus a linear correction using the slope of f at location x plus a higher-order correction involving the curvature of f at x and so on. Accordingly the f rst derivative of a function can be approximated by df f x Ax - f x d x Ax but we have to admit that this expression is not 100 accurate owing to neglection of higher-order terms. Alternatively the Taylor series can be written as f x - Ax f x - Ax d- Ax2 d2 f TÕ2 dx2 Ax3 d3 f - - 1 2 3 d x3 J. Kampf Ocean Modelling for Beginners DOI Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 65 66 4 Long Waves in a Channel On the basis of this another approximation of the firs derivative of a function is f f x - f x - Ax d x Ax The third option is to take the sum of both Taylor
