Tham khảo tài liệu 'evaluating fact 8', ngoại ngữ, anh ngữ phổ thông phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | LESSON Making Judgment Calls LESSON SUMMARY In this lesson you will learn how to make decisions and solve problems when the stakes are high and there are no obvious right or wrong answers. Most of the critical thinking skills that have been explored in this book have had to do with gathering facts and making decisions based upon them. Although not always easy the process is pretty clear-cut you come to understand the situation you face learn all you can about it and the options available and choose a solution. Judgment calls are trickier. You can t collect all the information you need to make a decision because it does not exist. Even worse judgment calls typically need to be made when the outcome is important. Let s look at these decisions closely and examine a number of successful ways in which to approach them. What Is a Judgment Call Judgment calls are made all the time about such varied topics as what stock to buy whether to perform a surgery and if a potentially game-winning basketball shot made it through the hoop before the buzzer. But these decisions do have a number of things in common. For instance 123 MAKING JUDGMENT CALLS the stakes are high the information you need is incomplete or ambiguous knowledgeable people disagree about them there are often ethical dilemmas and or conflicting values involved How can you make a judgment call with so much uncertainty surrounding the issue Remember that these types of decisions however difficult are made all the time. Each one has an outcome that is both subjective and debatable. That is judgment calls are not made purely on facts because the facts are not completely available. They are debatable because another person who knows as much as you do about the decision and the situation surrounding it could come up with a strong argument as to why your decision might be wrong or another option is right . Accepting the nature of judgment calls before you make then can help take some of the stress out of the .
