Xoắn ốc nhu cầu cao năng lực mạng lưới để hỗ trợ các dịch vụ đa phương tiện và các ứng dụng góp phần triển khai của các mạng quang dưới biển. Ban đầu thực hiện vào giữa những năm 1990, mạng quang dưới biển ban đầu sử dụng cơ sở hạ tầng SONET / SDH. | rates at 40 Gbps and ultimately at 1 Tbps this DWDM infrastructure enables seamless access to bandwidth-intensive multimedia applications. Capabilities of optical network elements such as optical add-and-drop multiplexers OADMs in provisioning transparent optical transmission functions and network management services are also examined. UNDERSEA OPTICAL NETWORK SOLUTIONS Spiraling demand for high-capacity networks to support multimedia services and applications contributes to deployment of undersea optical networks. Initially implemented in the mid-1990s undersea optical networks originally employed SONET SDH infrastructures. Present-day undersea initiatives typically employ WDM and DWDM technologies for enabling oceanic transmissions at multigigabit and multiterabit rates over long distances. Representative initiatives in the underwater optical network domain are now explored. Alcatel SEA-ME-WE 3 Alcatel provisions network management operations for undersea network configurations such as SEA-ME-WE 3. Featuring ATM-over-WDM and SDH-over-WDM technologies the SEA-ME-WE 3 configuration upon completion will extend over 38 000 kilometers and feature 40 landing points in 34 countries between the European Union and Asia. Transmission rates ranging from Gbps to 50 Gbps over two pairs of undersea fiber optic cabling will be enabled. Each optical fiber strand supports eight wavelengths or fiber optic channels. Each wavelength or channel supports multimedia transmission at Gbps OC-48 or STM-16 . Network segments between Hong Kong and Korea are currently in operation. AT T AT T employs WDM technology to provide communications services via a transAtlantic fiber optic ring network to landing points in the United States Great Britain and France. This undersea network also utilizes forward error correction FEC control mechanisms for enabling reliable transmission of multimedia applications at 10 Gbps. Infrastructure upgrades supporting .
