Tài liệu tham khảo bài giảng tiếng trung căn bản bằng tiếng hoa | Bài 01 - Ngữ âm Xin chào Introduction to the Pinyin the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet the four tones. First conversation. The Chinese Phonetic Alphabet There have been many different systems of transcription used for learning to pronounce Chinese. Today the official transcription accepted on an international basis is the Pinyin alphabet developed in China at the end of the 1950 s. Initials A syllable in Chinese is composed of an initial which is a consonant that begins the syllable and a final wich covers the rest of the syllable. b p m f d t n l g k h j q x z c s zh ch sh r m f n l h and sh are pronounced as in English. d like d in bed unaspirated j like g in genius unaspirated z like ds in beds zh like j in job b like p in spin unaspirated g a soft unaspirated k sound x like sh in sheep but with the corners of the lips drawn back r somewhat like r in rain Particular attention should be paid to the pronunciation of the so-called aspirated consonants. It is necessary to breath heavily after the consonant is pronounced. p like p in pope t like t in tap k like k in kangaroo q harder than ch in cheap c like ts in cats ch tongue curled back aspirated Distinction between certain initials b p d t g k j q z c zh ch Finals In modern Chinese there are 38 finals besides the above-represented 21 initials. i u u a ia ua o uo ue e ie er ai uai ei uei ui ao iao
