Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Local Nasal Specific Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis. | Review Article Local Nasal Specific Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis Giovanni Passalacqua MD Giorgio Walter Canonica MD Abstract The possibility of producing local hyposensitization by administering allergens via mucosal routes was envisaged at the beginning of 1900 and local nasal immunotherapy has been extensively studied since the 1970s. Presently there are 21 randomized controlled trials being conducted with the most common allergens consistently showing the clinical efficacy of local nasal immunotherapy for rhinitis. Other advantages are that it has an optimal safety profile and can be self-administered at home by the patient. Moreover there are several data from animal models and from humans that confirm the immunomodulatory effect of intranasally administered antigens. On the other hand local nasal immunotherapy seems to be effective only on rhinitis symptoms and requires a particular technique of administration. For these reasons its clinical use is progressively declining in favour of the sublingual route although nasal immunotherapy is validated in official documents and remains a viable alternative to injection. Historical Background Since the first empirical attempts at the beginning of the twentieth century 1 specific immunotherapy SIT for allergic rhinitis has been administered via the subcutaneous route. The clinical efficacy of this treatment was immediately recognized and its use rapidly spread. At the same time attempts were made to administer the allergenic extracts via different routes and in fact oral immunotherapy was first proposed in the early 3 Later during the 1950s local bronchial desensitization was suggested and inves-tigated4 5 whereas sublingual immunotherapy G. Passalacqua and . Canonica Allergy and Respiratory Diseases Dept. of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Genoa Italy Correspondence to Giovanni Passalacqua MD Allergy and Respiratory Diseases Dept. of Internal Medicine University of Genoa Padiglione Maragliano
